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Exploration of Strategies for Chronic Disease Prevention and Control and Relevant System Development
Long-de Wang
《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第1期 页码 2-12 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015002
关键词： chronic disease prevention and control strategy and system construction
王陇德
《中国工程科学》 2014年 第16卷 第10期 页码 22-30
慢性非传染性疾病已成为当前人类的重大威胁。国际研究表明，2008 年全球5 700 万人死亡，其中的63 %（3 600 万人）死于慢性非传染性疾病；80 %的非传染性疾病所致死亡（2 900 万人）发生在低收入和中等收入国家。WHO预测，如果按目前的情况继续发展，到2030 年每年死于慢性非传染性疾病的人数将增加至5 500 万人。在中国，伴随着工业化、城镇化、老龄化进程的加快和国民生活方式的快速变迁，居民慢性病患病率、死亡率呈持续快速增长趋势。因此，慢性非传染性疾病流行的应对，是中国当前必须尽快考虑的重大问题。本文在总结中国重大慢性病流行状况、分析中国慢性病防控中存在的主要问题和关键影响因素以及总结前期项目探索经验的基础上，对中国慢性病防控应制定和采取的策略及防控体系建设工作要点提出了建议：如相关政府部门都应制定相应政策；建立结构合理、系统内任务分工明确，协调、高效的工作体系；从制度、工作规范与要求上推行“整合医学”的发展，从而提高中国慢性病防控工作效能与效益等。
张祝琴,刘德培
《中国工程科学》 2017年 第19卷 第2期 页码 112-116 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.019
重大慢性非传染性疾病包括心脑血管疾病、癌症、呼吸系统疾病、糖尿病等，其流行给全球居民健康造成了重大威胁。为进一步对慢性病进行有效预防控制，促进健康、推动经济和社会发展，2014年中国工程院立项并开展了“重大慢性非传染性疾病防治的国际对比研究”项目，对国内外慢性病预防控制情况以及可供我们借鉴的经验进行了详细分析。本文从慢性病发病概况入手，分析了各种疾病的预防控制措施，并对不同国家的慢性病预防控制体系进行比较，凝练有益经验和方法，提出了增强我国慢性病预防控制的措施和建议。
Chronic hepatitis B virus infection: epidemiology, prevention, and treatment in China
null
《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期 页码 135-144 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0331-5
Chronic hepatitis B is a major health problem in China. The universal vaccination program since 1992 has changed the epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in China from highly to moderately endemic. The most prevalent hepatitis B virus strains in China are genotypes B and C, whereas those in western provinces are genotypes D and C/D hybrid. Chronic hepatitis B poses a heavy burden to the society in China. Different treatment strategies have been explored to improve patient outcomes in a cost-effective manner. However, antiviral drugs with a low genetic barrier to resistance are still extensively used because of the generally low income and limited resources in China. Individualized antiviral therapy is closely associated with translational medicine, which utilizes information from studies on genomics, immune biomarkers, and fibrosis. The results of these studies are crucial in further improving treatment outcomes.
顾雪非,张美丽,刘小青,李婷婷,黄宵,王超群,徐楠,向国春,刘克军,高润霖
《中国工程科学》 2017年 第19卷 第2期 页码 88-94 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.015
为提高当前慢性病防控体系的效率，更好地遏制慢性病的流行，保护公众健康，2015年中国工程院设立了“卫生经济学应用于慢性病防控决策的战略研究”重大咨询项目。课题组调研发现，作为一种重要的卫生决策工具，卫生经济学在慢性病防控决策过程中尚处于初级应用阶段。对卫生经济学的重要性认识不足，对卫生经济学的方法的掌握和应用能力有限,制约了其在慢性病防控决策中的应用，因此建议建立多元主体参与的卫生经济学研究力量，加强卫生经济学应用于慢性病防控决策的大数据积累及应用研究，提出将卫生经济学应用于我国慢性病防控决策的战略框架。
王陇德
《中国工程科学》 2009年 第11卷 第10期 页码 148-152
阐述临床医学与公共卫生的割裂给中国疾病预防控制工作带来的严重危害；并说明中国卫生系统近年来在弥合这一裂痕方面所做的巨大努力，例如建立了传染病网络直报系统和“不明原因肺炎”监测报告体系，加强了结核病控制工作中医疗机构与疾控机构的紧密衔接，以及临床医学逐步接纳现代疾病防控理念，为适应患者需求，在控制重大慢性疾病——脑中风中实施的医疗服务模式的重大转变。虽然这些改革措施已经在调整和加强临床与公共卫生两个子系统的联系与合作中发挥了作用，提高了疾病控制体系的整体效能，但是这些进展仅仅是初步的。卫生系统还需要在制定和实施“医疗机构公共卫生工作规范”等方面做出更多的努力，以推动疾病控制效能的进一步提高。
Heterogeneity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: from phenotype to genotype
null
《医学前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期 页码 425-432 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0295-x
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality throughout the world and is mainly characterized by persistent airflow limitation. Given that multiple systems other than the lung can be impaired in COPD patients, the traditional FEV1/FVC ratio shows many limitations in COPD diagnosis and assessment. Certain heterogeneities are found in terms of clinical manifestations, physiology, imaging findings, and inflammatory reactions in COPD patients; thus, phenotyping can provide effective information for the prognosis and treatment. However, phenotypes are often based on symptoms or pathophysiological impairments in late-stage COPD, and the role of phenotypes in COPD prevention and early diagnosis remains unclear. This shortcoming may be overcome by the potential genotypes defined by the heterogeneities in certain genes. This review briefly describes the heterogeneity of COPD, with focus on recent advances in the correlations between genotypes and phenotypes. The potential roles of these genotypes and phenotypes in the molecular mechanisms and management of COPD are also elucidated.
关键词： chronic obstructive pulmonary disease heterogeneity phenotype genotype prediction
《医学前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1043-5
关键词： coronavirus disease 2019 SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology clinical features
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《医学前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第1期 页码 110-119 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0484-5
This study aims to investigate the link between glycated hemoglobin and diabetic complications with chronic periodontitis. A total of 207 patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis (CP) were divided according to tertiles of mean PISA (periodontal inflamed surface area) scores as low, middle and high PISA groups. Simultaneously a group of 67 periodontally healthy individuals (PH) was recruited. Periodontal examinations, including full-mouth assessment of probing depths (PPD), bleeding on probing, clinical attachment level and plaque scores were determined. Blood analyses were carried out for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2 h post parandial glucose (PPG). Individuals in PH group had significantly better glycemic control than CP group. Upon one-way analysis of variance, subjects with increased PISA had significantly higher HbA1c levels, retinopathy and nephropathy (P<0.05). After controlling for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), socioeconomic status (SES), family history of diabetes and periodontitis, duration of diabetes, the mean PISA in mm2, PPD 4--6 mm (%) and PPD≥7 mm (%) emerged as significant predictors for elevated HbA1c in regression model (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that PISA was associated with higher risk of having retinopathy and neuropathy (odds ratio). In our study, the association between glycemic control and diabetic complications with periodontitis was observed.
关键词： type 2 diabetes mellitus hemoglobin A glycated chronic periodontitis
null
《医学前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期 页码 378-385 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0541-8
The purpose of this study is to characterize a meta-signature of differentially expressed mRNA in chronic kidney disease (CKD) to predict putative microRNA (miRNA) in CKD–mineral bone disorder (CKD–MBD) and confirm the changes in these genes and miRNA expression under uremic conditions by using a cell culture system. PubMed searches using MeSH terms and keywords related to CKD, uremia, and mRNA arrays were conducted. Through a computational analysis, a meta-signature that characterizes the significant intersection of differentially expressed mRNA and expected miRNAs associated with CKD–MBD was determined. Additionally, changes in gene and miRNA expressions under uremic conditions were confirmed with human Saos-2 osteoblast-like cells. A statistically significant mRNA meta-signature of upregulated and downregulated mRNA levels was identified. Furthermore, miRNA expression profiles were inferred, and computational analyses were performed with the imputed microRNA regulation based on weighted ranked expression and putative microRNA targets (IMRE) method to identify miRNAs associated with CKD occurrence. TLR4 and miR-146b levels were significantly associated with CKD–MBD. TLR4 levels were significantly downregulated, whereas pri-miR-146b and miR-146b were upregulated in the presence of uremic toxins in human Saos-2 osteoblast-like cells. Differentially expressed miRNAs associated with CKD-MBD were identified through a computational analysis, and changes in gene and miRNA expressions were confirmed with an in vitro cell culture system.
关键词： chronic kidney disease microRNA mineral bone disorder uremia
Health: a dream from reality to the future
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《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第2期 页码 233-235 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0444-0
This paper argues that health is a realistic productive force that may enhance the index of happiness. As the basis of all developments and the source of a person’s and his/her family’s happiness, health requires not only primary and secondary prevention, but also policy prevention, that is to say, grade-zero prevention. Therefore, people should pay more attention to Health in All Policies. As a new preventive strategy, the policy prevention will help improve people’s health significantly and promote the concepts of “Healthy China” and “the Chinese Dream” or “the World Dream” to realize a dream from reality to the future.
关键词： health promotion primary and secondary prevention policy prevention infectious disease non-communicable disease
兽医流行病学在疾病控制、预防和农场生物安全性中的作用 Review
Ian D. Robertson
《工程（英文）》 2020年 第6卷 第1期 页码 20-25 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.10.004
家养和非家养的动物包括野生动物给人类社会带来了巨大的经济利益和非经济利益，然而，疾病会对这些动物群体的发病率、病死率和生产力产生巨大的影响，因此也会直接和间接地影响与之相关的人类社会。本文概述了预防和控制疾病（主要是家畜疫病）的重要方面，并强调了兽医流行病学在其中发挥的关键作用。总结了疾病频率的衡量标准，确定了疾病风险因素所需的流行病学研究类型，重点在于疾病控制措施制定时的应用。讨论了生物安全在维持无病畜群中的重要性，并概述了实施良好生物安全措施的步骤。结论：在制定疾病控制策略及在农场、区域和国家层面实施生物安全规划时，需要具备良好的兽医流行病学知识。
关键词： 生物安全性，疾病控制，流行病学
果蔬益生菌发酵技术及其产业化发展趋势 Review
关倩倩, 熊涛, 谢明勇
《工程（英文）》 2021年 第7卷 第2期 页码 212-218 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.03.018
本文简要介绍了现代人慢性疾病与肠道健康的关系，指出肠道菌群失调和膳食纤维摄入不足是慢性疾病发生的两大重要诱因。本文重点对益生菌发酵果蔬的研究现状、本团队在该领域取得的主要创新性成果以及相关产业未来发展趋势进行了综述。将益生菌发酵技术引入果蔬精深加工领域，开发益生菌发酵果蔬全新系列产品，不仅可以提高果蔬的附加值，还可将益生菌及其活性代谢产物与益生元（膳食纤维等）有机结合起来，对改善肠道健康、预防和缓解慢性疾病具有重要作用。果蔬益生菌发酵技术为益生菌影响人体健康的研究开辟了新思路，将为益生菌应用和果蔬加工新兴产业带来革命性影响，具有很大的市场潜力。
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《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第3期 页码 368-375 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0360-0
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of comprehensive therapy based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) patterns on older patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) through a four-center, open-label, randomized controlled trial. Patients were divided into the trial group treated using conventional western medicine and Bu-Fei Jian-Pi granules, Bu-Fei Yi-Shen granules, and Yi-Qi Zi-Shen granules based on TCM patterns respectively; and the control group treated using conventional western medicine. A total of 136 patients≥65 years completed the study, with 63 patients comprising the trial group and 73 comprising the control group. After the six-month treatment and the 12-month follow-up period, significant differences were observed between the trial and control groups in the following aspects: frequency of acute exacerbation (P≤0.040), duration of acute exacerbation (P = 0.034), symptoms (P≤0.034), 6-min walking distance (6MWD) (P≤0.039), dyspnea scale (P≤0.036); physical domain (P≤0.019), psychological domain (P≤0.033), social domain (P≤0.020), and environmental domain (P≤0.044) of the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire; and daily living ability domain (P≤0.007), social activity domain (P≤0.018), depression symptoms domain (P≤0.025), and anxiety symptoms domain (P≤0.037) of the COPD-QOL. No differences were observed between the trial and control groups with regard to FVC, FEV1, and FEV1%.
关键词： chronic obstructive pulmonary disease older adult clinical trial Bu-Fei Jian-Pi granules Bu-Fei Yi-Shen granules Yi-Qi Zi-Shen granules
Meng Lv, Xiaohui Zhang, Lanping Xu, Yu Wang, Chenhua Yan, Huan Chen, Yuhong Chen, Wei Han, Fengrong Wang, Jingzhi Wang, Kaiyan Liu, Xiaojun Huang, Xiaodong Mo
《医学前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第6期 页码 667-679 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0702-z
关键词： acute graft-versus-host disease chronic graft-versus-host disease National Institutes of Health consensus criteria acute myeloid leukemia anti-thymocyte globulin
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Exploration of Strategies for Chronic Disease Prevention and Control and Relevant System Development
Long-de Wang
期刊论文
Pathogen evolution, prevention/control strategy and clinical features of COVID-19: experiences from China
期刊论文
Association of periodontal disease with glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes in Indian population
null
期刊论文
Identification of differentially expressed miRNAs associated with chronic kidney disease–mineral bone
null
期刊论文
Effects of comprehensive therapy based on traditional Chinese medicine patterns on older patients with chronicobstructive pulmonary disease: a subgroup analysis from a four-center, randomized, controlled study
null
期刊论文
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